In November 2025 the government commissioned the Right Honourable Alan Milburn to author a report that will seek to understand drivers of the increase in the number of young people who are Not in Education Employment or Training (NEET).
Summary
Nacro’s response is based on our experience of supporting young people in our education centres across England. From our work, we know that many young people are ambitious, want to achieve, and understand the value of hard work. But a range of barriers hold them back.
In our submission to the Young People and Work Report, we highlight the main barriers preventing participation in education, employment, or training (NEET) and priorities for improving outcomes for those most at risk.
For further information please contact Andrea Coady, Head of Service User Involvement or Helen Berresford, Director of Engagement and Impact.
Barriers to participation
Our experience shows that:
- Many young people face interconnected barriers including poor mental health, learning difficulties, and social disadvantage.
- Suitable education or training places are limited for those not “Level 3 ready.”
- Funding and policy often restrict flexible, tailored support that could support young people to re-engage.
- Opportunities for work experience are limited for lower-level qualifications, despite their importance.
- Financial barriers, such as the loss of Child Benefit, further limit engagement.
What would make the biggest difference?
Focusing on those who are most disengaged and furthest from engagement is critical. Key recommendations include:
- Review the professional assessment of “in need” to support real life experiences of young people who need higher support and a tailored approach.
- Recognise the role of 16-19 education and skills centres and ensure the funding system does not disadvantage those young people for whom this type of provision is most suitable.
- Ensure the availability of modular qualifications which act as stepping stones into further learning or work.
- Incentivise work placements and support apprenticeships.
- Ensure there are enrichment activities to build the confidence of young people and support progression into further study, apprenticeships, or employment.